SENTENCES TRANSFORMATION - PRESENT PERFECT INTO PAST SIMPLE
CHUYỂN ĐỔI TỪ
HIỆN TẠI HOÀN THÀNH SANG QUÁ KHỨ ĐƠN ( VÀ NGƯỢC LẠI )
A. LÝ THUYẾT :
1. This is the first
time I have seen him (đây là lần đầu tôi thấy anh ta )
=>I have never seen him before. ( tôi chưa bao giờ thấy anh ta trước đây )
Mẫu này có dạng :
Đây là lần đầu tiên ... làm chuyện đó => ...chưa bao giờ làm chuyện đó trước đây.
=>I have never seen him before. ( tôi chưa bao giờ thấy anh ta trước đây )
Mẫu này có dạng :
Đây là lần đầu tiên ... làm chuyện đó => ...chưa bao giờ làm chuyện đó trước đây.
The first
time + S + have/has + V3 / ed + …
à S + have / has + never + V3
/ ed ...before
2.I started
/ began studying English 3 years ago. (tôi bắt đầu học TA cách đây 3
năm )
=> I have studied English for 3 years. ( tôi học TA được 3 năm )
Mẫu này có dạng :
...bắt đầu làm gì đó cách đây + khoảng thời gian => .. đã làm chuyện đó for + khoảng thời gian
Nếu không có ago mà có when + mệnh đề thì giöõ nguyên mệnh đề chỉ đổi when thành since
=> I have studied English for 3 years. ( tôi học TA được 3 năm )
Mẫu này có dạng :
...bắt đầu làm gì đó cách đây + khoảng thời gian => .. đã làm chuyện đó for + khoảng thời gian
Nếu không có ago mà có when + mệnh đề thì giöõ nguyên mệnh đề chỉ đổi when thành since
S + started /
began + V ( ing)/ To +
V(inf) + thôøi gian trong quaù khöù
à S + have / has +
V(ed/c3) + for / since + thôøi gian
|
3. I last saw him when I was a student.( lần cuồi cùng tôi thấy anh ta là khi tôi là SV )
=> I haven't seen him since I was a student.( tôi đã không thấy anh ta từ khi tôi là SV )
Mẫu này có dạng :
Lần cuối cùng làm chuyện đó là khi .... => ..không làm chuyện đó từ khi ....
Last : lần cuối. Since : từ khi
S1 +
last + V2 / ed + when + S2 + V2 / ed ……..
à S1 +
have / has + V3 / ed + since + S2 + V2 / ed
……..
4. The last time she
went out with him was two years ago
.(lần cuối cô ta đi chơi với anh
ta cách đây 2 năm )
ð She hasn't gone
out with him for two years.( cô ta đã không đi chơi với anh ta đã 2
năm nay )
ð
The last time + S + V2
/ ed + …… + was + thôøi gian trong quaù khöù
à S + haven’t/ hasn’t +
V3 / ed + ……………… + for / since + thôøi gian
5. It's ten
years since I last met him.(đã 10 năm từ khi tôi gặp anh ta
lần cuối )
=> I haven't met him for ten years . ( tôi đã không gặp anh ta 10 năm rồi )
Mẫu này có dạng :
Đã ..khoảng thời gian từ khi làm gì đó lần cuối => ..không làm việc đó được + khoảng thời gian
=> I haven't met him for ten years . ( tôi đã không gặp anh ta 10 năm rồi )
Mẫu này có dạng :
Đã ..khoảng thời gian từ khi làm gì đó lần cuối => ..không làm việc đó được + khoảng thời gian
It's + thôøi gian + since + S
+ last + V2 / ed + ……
à S + haven't / hasn’t
+ V3 / ed + …+ for /
since + thôøi gian
6. When did you buy it
? ( bạn đã mua nó khi nào ?
=> How long have you
bought ? ( bạn đã mua nó được bao lâu ? )
Mẫu này có dạng :when : thì dùng quá khứ đơn à How long : thì dùng hiện tại hoàn thành
Mẫu này có dạng :when : thì dùng quá khứ đơn à How long : thì dùng hiện tại hoàn thành
When +
did + S + V0 / Vs / es ….. ? / How long ago + did +
S + V0?
=> How
long + have / has + S + V3 / ed ?
B.
BÀI TẬP Rewrite
the following sentences with the words given:
1.Minh
last wrote to his pen pal five months ago.
àMinh
hasn’t …………………………………………..
2.The
last time we visited Kuala Lumpur was 3 years ago.
à
I haven’t ………………………………………………………
3.
When did you study English?
àHow
long …………………………………………? …
4.
They began building this house 2 months ago
àThey
have ………………………………………
5.
My father started to work in this factory last week
àMyfather
has…………………………………………
6.
How long has he worked in the garden?
à
When …………………………………………………?
7.
How long ago did you learn music?
à
How long have ……………………………………………………………………………
8.
He started living in Ho Chi Minh city when he was 8
à
He has …………………………………………………………………………
9. He learnt
English when he was 18
à He has
………………………………………………………………………………
10. They have
worked in that factory for five years.
à They
began ……………………………………………………………..
11. My
father stopped smoking two years ago.
à My
father hasn’t …………………………………………………………
12.
We have learnt English for four years.
-->We
started...........................................................................................................
13.My
father started to give up smoking last year.
-->My
father
has......................................................................................................
14.They
have worked in that factory since 2001.
-->They
started........................................................................................................
15.
Lan hasn't written to Maryam for a
month.
-->Lan
didn't..........................................................................................................
16.
He has lived in Ha Noi since he was 12.
-->He
started..........................................................................................................
17.
I haven't met her for a long time.
-->I
didn't...............................................................................................................
18.
How long have you learnt French ?
-->How
long
ago...................................................................................................?
19.
How long have you bought this car ?
-->When
did...........................................................................................................?
20.
When did you start to listen to classical music ?
-->How
long
..........................................................................................................?
21.
I saw her 10 years ago.
-->I
haven't...............................................................................................................
22.
The last time I saw him was in June
-->
I ………………………………………………………………………………..
23.
He started working in this company 5 years ago
-->
He has……………………………………………………………………………
24.
They began living here ten years ago
-->
They have……………………………………………………………………………
25.
Lan started to learn French since 2000
-->
Lan has been learning ………………………………………………………………
26.
The last time Lan went to the zoo was two years ago
-->
Lan ………………………………………………………………………………
27.
I haven’t eaten this kind of food before
-->This
is the first time……………………………………………………………..
28.
She has stuied japanese for three years
-->
It’s three years since she sarted to study japanese
29.
It’s two years since she had a holiday
-->
She has ……………………………………………………………………………..
30.
This is my first visit to Scotland
-->
I …………………………………………………………………………………….
31.
The last time he came to the cinema was three weeks ago
-->
He …………………………………………………………………………………….
32.
We haven’t been to the park for 2 days
-->
The last time ………………………………………………………………………..
33.
It’s five years since we last met each other
-->
We………………………………………………………………………………….
34.
We began working the job six months ago
-->
I ……………………………………………………………………………………….
35.
They started checking the machines two hours ago
-->They
have ……………………………………………………………………………
36.
He began fixing the bike ten munites ago
-->He
has……………………………………………………………………………..
37.
She commenced cooking the soup half an hour ago
-->She
has……………………………………………………………………………..
38.
We began doing the test an hour ago
-->
We have……………………………………………………………………………
39.
Jack began planting flowers three hours ago
-->
Jack has……………………………………………………………………………
40.
They started building the bridge two years ago
-->
They have……………………………………………………………………………..
41.
Nam started learning English in 1998
-->
Nam has…………………………………………………………………………….
42.
Bang began raising birds in May
-->
Bang has……………………………………………………………………………..
43.
Van started collecting stamps on Sunday
-->
Van has………………………………………………………………………………
44.
Hang began listening to music at 8 o’clock
-->
Hang has………………………………………………………………………………..
45.
Mai commenced making a dress on Saturday
-->
Mai has………………………………………………………………………………..
46.
He began watering the vegetables at nine
-->
He has………………………………………………………………………………….
47.
Khanh started playng computer games in 2002
-->
Khanh has……………………………………………………………………………..
48.
Kim commenced doing the test at one o’clock
-->
Kim has………………………………………………………………………………….
49.
Miss Lien commenced raising the pets in 2010
-->
Miss Lien ………………………………………………………………………………
50.
Minh began selling lottery tickets in June
-->
Minh has………………………………………………………………………………
EXERCISES
I.Complete
the sentences with “for” or “since”:
1.
We haven’t heard from them ………………… ages
2.
They waited for you …………………… two days
3.
They haven’t met him……………………he left the room
4.
We have bought the new car ……………………… 1999
5.
Haven’t you seen him ………………………Christmas?
6.
It was not rained …………………………May
7.
I haven’t written to him ……………………… five months
8.
She has spoken to them ………………………… this morning
9.
We have listened to music ………………………8a.m
10.
The house been built …………………………… last year
II. Are the
underlined verbs right (P) or wrong (O)? Then correct them if they are wrong
1.
___ She has been a teacher since 1980 ……………………………
2.
___ I don’t go for a walk for days ……………………………
3.
___ This is the best film that I ever saw so far ……………………………
4.
___ Mr. Jackson has earned a lot of money since he had
his own company………………………………
5.
___ Bob is a friend of mine. I know him for a long
time ……………………………………………
6.
___ Jane and Peter learn French since July ……………………………
III. Use
simple past or present perfect to complete the following sentences:
1.
Her English ( improve ) ……………………………… recently
2.
How many pages ………… you (read) ………………………… so far?
3.
We (finish) ……………………………………… our homework two hour ago
4.
…………………you (be) …………………… to Rome
5.
I (see) ………………………………………… him several times on TV
6.
What ……………… you (do) …………………… last night?
7.
This is the first time I (visit) …………………………… the city
8.
They (buy)………………………………… the garden some days ago
9.
I (learn) ……………………………………… English since I (be) …………………… 11 years old
10.
Be careful! I (just clean) ……………………………………… the floor
11.
The meal (already be) ………………………………………………… ready.
12.
I (never read) ………………………………………………………… an interesting story like this
before
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